In the rail industry, the quest for efficiency, speed, and sustainability drives innovation. Lightweighting, the practice of reducing the weight of train components and structures, has emerged as a key strategy to meet these goals. While lightweighting is common in various transport industries, such as automotive and aerospace, its application in rail requires unique considerations. Unlike cars and lorries, where individual components can be easily replaced or modified, trains are complex systems that operate over longer distances and under more varied conditions. The materials and design techniques used in rail lightweighting must withstand the rigorous demands of continuous operation and changing climates while maintaining structural integrity and safety. By focusing on these specialized materials and techniques, train manufacturers can offer more efficient and environmentally friendly solutions tailored to the specific needs of rail transport. This approach enhances performance, reduces energy consumption, and opens new possibilities for train design and aesthetics.